Heater for permanent wave machines



Oct. 18, 1932. w. G. SHELTON HEATER FOR PERMANENT WAVE MACHINES Filed Sept. 26. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR aw By Allofneys,

Oct. 18, 1932. w. G. SHELTQN 1,883,828

HEATER FOR PERMANENT WAVE MACHINES Filed Sept. 26, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 1M yw By A llorneys,

Patented Oct. 1's, i932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE W GWT IEIL'I-ON, 8'1. LOUIS, IISBOUBI, ASSIGNOB 1'0 SHEL'ION-J'ANCKI OOBYORLTION, 01' EAST ORANGE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION 01 NEW JERSEY mm TOR YER-KAREN! WAVE memes Application filed September 88, 1939. Serial No. 385,291.

This invention relates to machines for permanent waving and aims to provide certain improvements therein.

The invention is particularl directed 5 toward the heating element whic vaporizes the moisture surroundin each curl in order to produce the steam which is necessary for efl'ecting the permanent waving operation. It has been proposed to utilize a transformer into step down the voltage of the ordinary commercial currents very materially so that the dan r of burning from short circuiting is eat y minimized. By preference I use sue a low volta e current (approximating 16 one to three volts According to the present invention I form the heater as a flexible member which is capable of bein used with practicall any of the types 0 absorbent pads whic are 20 now in commercial use, and to this end I rovide a heater which is constructed of flexible, non-inflammable material having a resistance unit incorporated therein, the resistance unit being of such degree of flexihilit N as to permit the heater to be wrapped aroun or partiall around, the curl to be treated. In the pre erred form the resistance unit has terminals which extend to the exterior of the device, and which are bendable, but

which are of suflicient rigidity to hold their positions when bent. Various other features of im rovement will be hereinafter more fully ascribed.

Referrin to the drawings which illustrate N one form 0 the invention:

Figure 1 is a plan of the improved heater.

Fig. 2 is a top or end view on an enlarged scale of the heater as applied to a curl.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a combined heater and pad unit.

Referring to the drawin let A indicate the heater as a whole, whic in its preferred form comprises two layers of flexible asbestos B between which is located the resistance 46 material C. The resistance material 0 ma consist of a flexible strip of metal which is preferably as non-elastic. as possible so that it exercises ittle if any tendency to return to its original shape when the heater is wrap ed 6 around the curl. It will, of course, be un erstood that it is the heater as a whole that is wrapped around the curl, and the particular formation of the heating unit may be varied so long as the heater has this capacit It is best, however, if there is little ten ency in the resistance material to spring back into flat form after it has been applied to the curl. In place of thin, flat metal, wire may be used, or such other metallic construction as will form a path for the current and have the necessary resistance to heat under the low voltages which it is preferred to use. If wire is used preferably the diameter is small, and if flat metal is used it is best made very thin.

Preferably the terminals D, D are constructed of bendable conducting material Rined to the resistance element, the terminals ing by preference capable of retaining any position to which they are bent.

In use the device may be applied in any suitable manner to the curl. Fig. 2 illustrates a use accordin to the ordinary method of permanent waving wherein the hair is wound upon a curling rod beginning from the seal end and continuing until the tip is woun In Fi 2, E designates a wra ping of flannel or ot er absorbent materia which is first applied to the curl, and A indicates the heater as wrapped around the flannel being held in place by suitable metal clips or otherwise. I have preferred to use in association with the resistance element, a layer of aluminum or other foil in order to distribute the heat of the heater. When such a layer of foil is used, it is referably inserted between the heater and t e flannel or other absorbent material as at F. In this use the terminals D, D will preferably be bent apart to avoid short circuit'ng. In the well-known Croquignole method of waving, the strand of hair is wound from the tip toward the scalp, and this requires a heater which is open at this side. In this instance the present device is wra ped around the moist flannel, or other ahsoi bent material, with its sides toward the scalp, and the ed es arranged on either side of the scalp end 0 the strand. In this use the terminals will ordinarily be bent at right angles to the heatin element so as to extend away from the sea p.

The terminals are connected with the source of current, preferablyby the usual wires G, G which may lead to a switch section H designed to be plugged into the trans- 5 former or other source of electrical supply.

The heater provided by my invention forms a constituent part of the permanent wave machine, and is capable of indefinite use without renewal.

In Fig. 3 I have shown an extension of the present invention in which the heater is combined with a special construction of steaming pad unit by means of which very eflicient results can be obtained. In this figure the reference letter I designates a small piece of flannel, blotting paper or other absorbent material, J is a sheet 0 paper which is connected to the flannel I, and K is a sheet of aluminum or other metallic foil the end of which should be well within the end of the pad, as at M, to avoid short circuiting the terminals of the heating element. In using the complete invention the heating unit A is placed on top of the foil and the leaf of paper J is folded over the heater whereu on the whole can be wrapped around the cur on the curler rod. The various layers of the pad unit may be fastened together by stitching or otherwise. In use that half of the pad unit which carries the absorbent sheet may be dipped in the usual solutions so that the supply of moisture which s carried will suffice for the steaming treatment. In applying the device the heating unit and pad unit as folded together may be applied as a single entity around the curl and clip ed in lace as hereinbefore described. The eater, ience, serves as a permanent device while the pad section is commonly utilized for a single application and is then thrown away.

While I have shown and described one form of the invention it will be understood. that I do not wish to be limited thereto, since various changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What I claim is: 1. An electric heater comprising non-inflammable, nonconductive, sheet material, a heating element comprising a resistance unit extended along and insulated by and readily accessible terminals whereby the heating element may be connected in circuit with a source of electromotive force, the materials of which said heater is constructed being such as to produce a finished article of the approximate thickness and flexibility of a sheet of medium weight wrapping paper and of a durability such as to ada t it '.-.or repeated use, said'heater being of t e approximate length and breadth of an absorbent steaming ad used in the permanent waving of hair w ereby it may be successively ap plied to each of a number of pads and wrapped therewith about the hair to be treated.

the same,

2. A heater, as defined by claim 1 having its resistance unit incorporated in the body ofthe non-inflammable, non-conductive sheet material. a

3. A heater, as defined by claim 1, of which the terminals are of bendable, conductive material of insuflicient resiliency to return {)0 any position from which they may be ent.

4. A heater, as defined by claim 1, of which the non-inflammable, non-conductive material comprises two parallel sheets of asbestos paper between which the resistance unit is envelo ed, the material of the heater being such that it may be readily bent but of insufficient resiliency to return to any position from which bent.

5. The combination with a hair-waving steaming pad including a moisture holder, of

a flexible, but non-resilient, electric heater comprisin a thin sheet-like member of noninfiammab e, non-conductive material of dimensions approximating those of the pad and having an electric resistance element extended alon readily applicable for use as a la er of the pad and readily detachable there rom so as to be adapted for application to another pad.

6. The combination, defined by claim 5, of

which the pad has a layer of impervious material to obstruct the escape of moisture vaporized by the heater.

7. The combination, defined by claim 5, including a heat distributor consistin of a layer of metal foil adjacent the resistance element but separated therefrom by the noninflammable, non-conducti e material.

8. The combination with a laminated hairwaving steaming pad includin a sheet of absorbent material, a sheet 0 impervious cup of the plunger, and carry on their inner stitched together along one edge with the material, and a sheet of thin metal foil, and impervious material, of a thin, flexible,

but non-resilient, sheet-like electric heater" adapted to be readily inserted in the pad bet-ween the layers of foil and impervious material, and to be readily removed there from, said heater comprising parallel layers of asbestos paper, an interposed electrical resistance element, and terminals whereby the resistance element may be connected with an external circuit.

the same, said heater being" "ion my name.

WILLIAM GENTRY SHELTON.

CERTIFICME OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,883,828. October 18, i932.

WILLIAM GENTRY SHELTON.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2. line 106, claim 8, beginning witithe Word "cup" strike out all to and including the article "the" in line 107; and line 108, after "foil," insert the words "stitched together along one edge with the sheet of foil between the sheets of absorbent"; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 6th day of December. A. D. 1932.

M. J. Moore,

(Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

